1 Kings chapters 1-11 (see below)
Author’s note: this quiet-time study is a departure from our usual format, in that we are examining lessons taken from eleven chapters, not just from a verse or two. We will return to the usual format, but I believe there’s much to learn and apply from the “big picture” of these chapters.
Have you ever heard somebody described as “the smartest guy in the room”? Perhaps you’re the one to have been described this way. Such a description would surely fit the recently-departed Norman Geisler, renowned author and teacher. In his case, you wouldn’t have needed to check first to see which room you’re in!
I’ve known others who might have been described in such terms, within their own area of expertise. A couple of them worked in the field of relational databases, and were known world-wide for their expertise. I attended the retirement party for a man described as one of the top five metallurgists in the world.
None, however, could ever come close to the wisdom of Solomon. This king of the Israelites, the son of King David, was known throughout the world of his time for his astounding wisdom. Chapter 10 of the book of 1 Kings describes the visit of the Queen of Sheba, who came to confirm that what she had been told of Solomon’s great wisdom was true. Her conclusion, having spent time talking with him and observing him in action, was this: “Your wisdom and prosperity surpass the report that I heard.”
Where did Solomon’s wisdom come from? It really wasn’t his to claim as his own; it was a gift from God. The vaunted wisdom of Solomon begins in 1 Kings chapter 3: “At Gibeon the Lord appeared to Solomon in a dream by night, and God said, ‘Ask what I shall give you.’ And Solomon said, ‘You have shown great and steadfast love to your servant David my father, because he walked before you in faithfulness, in righteousness, and in uprightness of heart toward you. And you have kept for him this great and steadfast love and have given him a son to sit on his throne this day. And now, O Lord my God, you have made your servant king in place of David my father, although I am but a little child. I do not know how to go out or come in. And your servant is in the midst of your people whom you have chosen, a great people, too many to be numbered or counted for multitude. Give your servant therefore an understanding mind to govern your people, that I may discern between good and evil, for who is able to govern this your great people?‘” (1 Kings 3:5-9)
Solomon was wise enough already to be humble and recognize his limitations, and wise enough to know that his greatest need was for the wisdom to govern, rather than for riches or power. That’s not a bad starting point; even without God’s help, he already bested most of us! But God granted his request: “And God gave Solomon wisdom and understanding beyond measure, and breadth of mind like the sand on the seashore, so that Solomon’s wisdom surpassed the wisdom of all the people of the east and all the wisdom of Egypt. For he was wiser than all other men …” (1 Kings 4:29-31a)
OK, let’s think about this. “God gave Solomon wisdom and understanding beyond measure.” God’s got a very big measuring stick! I’ve known some pretty smart people, and I’m sure you have also, but none could ever measure up to the God-given wisdom of Solomon! If God set out to create the wisest man on the earth, God can accomplish whatever He sets out to do, without question.
Even then, God set some standards of behavior for Solomon to meet. All that wisdom didn’t get him a free pass to do whatever he wanted. God gave Solomon a command with a promise, and a completely different promise if Solomon failed to obey. “And as for you, if you will walk before me, as David your father walked, with integrity of heart and uprightness, doing according to all that I have commanded you, and keeping my statutes and my rules, then I will establish your royal throne over Israel forever, as I promised David your father, saying, ‘You shall not lack a man on the throne of Israel.’ But if you turn aside from following me, you or your children, and do not keep my commandments and my statutes that I have set before you, but go and serve other gods and worship them, then I will cut off Israel from the land that I have given them, and the house that I have consecrated for my name I will cast out of my sight, and Israel will become a proverb and a byword among all peoples.” (1 Kings 9:4-7)
This wasn’t a difficult command to understand. Obey God, and keep the throne within the family. Disobey God, and lose it. Considering the wealth and power that God had given Solomon along with his wisdom, there was no lack of incentive to obey God.
There were numerous commands to which God was referring in this passage, but the primary one was this: “You shall have no other gods before me.” (Deuteronomy 5:7)
This command was so important that God gave other commands to his people, specifically to build a hedge of protection around them, to help them stay safe from temptations. The one which Solomon would have his biggest problem with was found in Deuteronomy 7:1-4: “When the Lord your God brings you into the land that you are entering to take possession of it, and clears away many nations before you, the Hittites, the Girgashites, the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, seven nations more numerous and mightier than you, and when the Lord your God gives them over to you, and you defeat them, then you must devote them to complete destruction. You shall make no covenant with them and show no mercy to them. You shall not intermarry with them, giving your daughters to their sons or taking their daughters for your sons, for they would turn away your sons from following me, to serve other gods. Then the anger of the Lord would be kindled against you, and he would destroy you quickly.”
God knows His people. God knows how difficult it is for men to resist the charms of a loving wife who wants her own way, and knows how to sweep her man off his feet. Just as a Godly wife is God’s best resource to mold and shape her man into the spiritual leader God wants him to be, an un-Godly wife is Satan’s greatest tool to lead his heart away from God.
For all his wisdom, Solomon’s wealth and pride lead him to make some foolish decisions. “Now King Solomon loved many foreign women, along with the daughter of Pharaoh: Moabite, Ammonite, Edomite, Sidonian, and Hittite women, from the nations concerning which the Lord had said to the people of Israel, ‘You shall not enter into marriage with them, neither shall they with you, for surely they will turn away your heart after their gods.’ Solomon clung to these in love. He had 700 wives, who were princesses, and 300 concubines. And his wives turned away his heart. For when Solomon was old his wives turned away his heart after other gods, and his heart was not wholly true to the Lord his God, as was the heart of David his father.” (1 Kings 11:1-4)
Perhaps most of us, struggling to make a marriage work with one wife, would say that Solomon’s first mistake was to take on 700 of them! It’s difficult to imagine how the family dynamic works out with any congeniality when 700 wives are competing with each other for one husband’s time and attention. Even so, from God’s point of view, that wasn’t Solomon’s biggest mistake. His greatest error was the national origins and associated pagan religions of these wives. Solomon paid the price for his prideful rebellion against God.
“And the Lord was angry with Solomon, because his heart had turned away from the Lord, the God of Israel, who had appeared to him twice and had commanded him concerning this thing, that he should not go after other gods. But he did not keep what the Lord commanded. Therefore the Lord said to Solomon, “Since this has been your practice and you have not kept my covenant and my statutes that I have commanded you, I will surely tear the kingdom from you and will give it to your servant.” (1 Kings 11:9-11)
God had made a promise to Solomon what would happen if he failed to obey God, and in these verses, God kept that promise. God always keeps His promises, positive or negative.
OK, so what will we take home from this?
1. When God gives a command, it is for our own benefit. God wasn’t just being discriminatory in ruling out intermarriage with the surrounding nations. He knew that pagan wives would draw their husband’s devotions away from God. For national leaders, pagan wives would eventually draw the entire nation away from God. King Solomon broke God’s command, and just proved that God was right all along.
2. God keeps His promises. He told Abraham “I will make a great nation of you”, and He did just that. He told Solomon “If you worship other gods, I will take the throne away from you.” Solomon foolishly pursued the worship of other gods (conceding to his wives’ demands), and God kept His promise. God will keep His promises to us also. He will bless our obedience to His Holy Word. He will punish our disobedience.
3. Paul was right when he wrote that “all have sinned”. If the most wise man ever to walk the Earth was drawn into sin by his pagan wives, surely we also will fall into temptation and sin at some time. We’re only fooling ourselves if we claim to have conquered temptation and risen above sin.